Humanitarian Aid Produces Instability and Violence for the Waves of Research Paper

Humanitarian Aid Produces Instability and Violence for the Waves of Refugees Living In Sudan - Research Paper Example This paper is informative enough and should be used by other NGOs and support agencies to ensure that the services they advance in the banner of humanitarian grounds do not facilitate and aggravate the existing or rather ended violence in their areas of target. For close to thirty years, Sudan, a country in Africa, has faced several internal conflicts in which the Southern and the Northerners have been engaged in the series of fights because of fundamental differences. Sudan has experienced political instability for all the years, and in the recent past the southern part of the country seceded and is now a democratic republic. Even though it got its independence following the successful secession, it should be noted that there has not been peace yet in the country, and certain economic issues like oil fields, specifically situated in Abieyi, still make the country’s tension palpable (Whitman, 1999). Because of the long period of war, the country has experienced extreme interna l conflicts, and this has made the population move to other countries to seek refuge. Some of the countries that have experienced the influx of the Sudanese following the constant state of war in the country are Kenya, Egypt, Uganda, Ethiopia, Chad, Eritrea, the Democratic Republic of Congo, and so on. Of course, many are also displaced within the country and are referred to as the internal displace persons. This research paper particularly looks at those who are displaced within the country. It should be mentioned that the population that is displaced within the country is more than those in various individual countries; the population of the internally displaced people stands at 4,644,800. It must be understood that the climatic condition of Sudan is arid. The fact that the country is an arid land coupled with the successive violence in the area has made the lives of the people very difficult. This has made very many humanitarian sympathizers build camps in the area to provide the necessary basics to the otherwise suffering population. Humanitarian aids have been synonymous with areas that have undergone political turbulence in the entire world, and this is not new to Sudan. At the face-value look, it is always construed that the humanitarian aids provision is targeted at extending a helpful hand to the suffering population and attempts to bring relative peace in the area; this can be a misconception, according to the research. In fact, the humanitarian aids form the basis of new wave of violence and war in the area. This research paper explains how the humanitarian aids are responsible for the rounds of new waves of war instead of the primary role of providing humanitarian help during crisis time (Whitman, 1999). Objective of the Study For this research paper about the humanitarian provision in Sudan and the subsequent increment of violence and war related cases, the study was designed to unravel the following: I. To understand the context in which the refu gees in the country come to be; whether it is politically motivated or otherwise; II. To understand the role of the humanitarian aid providers in Sudan as far as logistical and basic need support to the refugees is concerned; III. To establish whether there is a demilitarization program for

Haitian Culture and Society Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Haitian Culture and Society - Essay Example This paper outlines the origins of Haiti’s poverty in its geography, history and political evolution. There is then an outline of the main features of Haitian culture and a discussion of what culture is and how it is understood within Haiti and by outsiders looking on. Finally there is an explanation of the paradoxical â€Å"rich in culture but deep in poverty† paradox which both sustains Haiti’s sense of identity and inhibits its development in the future. Haiti’s geography is typical of the Caribbean region in so far as it is part of a larger tropical island. The Dominican Republic occupies the Eastern portion and Haiti has the smaller western portion. The terrain is mountainous in parts, and conducive to fruit and timber production, and the surrounding seas provide ample fishing possibilities. The climate is drier than in most surrounding islands which presents some problems for agriculture. Mineral resources are present, which made the island an attrac tive target for colonial activities from the 15th century onwards. The early history of Haiti is lost in the time before literacy and so it is impossible to tell exactly when and how the area was colonized and who set up the first settlements there. What is clear, however, is that the land was inhabited by an Amerindian people called the Tainos long before Columbus and the Spaniards arrived. The whole island was known as â€Å"Hispaniola† in deference to the European conquerors and it was quickly taken over and subjected to the exploitation of plantation and mine owners, using the local population as a convenient workforce. From this time onwards a pattern of emigration developed which still haunts the country to this day. The incoming Europeans brought with them many aspects of Western culture including the Roman Catholic faith, colonial architecture and incidentally also many diseases and vices which were unknown to the indigenous population. There are some records of local culture, including sporting and cooking practices, house designs and the â€Å"elaborate social structure organized around local chiefs or caciques.† (Girard: 2005, p. 19) Having taken what they wished from the part of the island which is present day Haiti, the Spaniards retreated to the far eastern tip of the island and left the west to return to its natural tropical jungle state. The next wave of conquerors were the French who added slavery to the list of exploitative practices that were used in Haiti. This brought huge changes to the island, such as the arrival of many thousands of captives from Africa and the building of western style cities and roads. It was at this point that one of Haiti’s most famous cultural practices was introduced: the tradition of voodoo. This was a loosely defined set of religious and cultural beliefs based on the polytheistic societies in West Africa. It existed alongside Catholicism, and the population often integrated elements of both religious traditions into their lives and practices. A combination of poorly educated priests and strong ties to ancestor and spirit worship from Africa ensured that this unusual combination was maintained into the present time. This syncretism is perhaps one of the most significant features of Haitian culture and it is carried through into its art, architecture, language, music and sports. Discrete

Marketing strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Marketing strategy - Essay Example The pharmaceutical industry is highly concentrated and only a few companies are doing well in the industry. The main aim of this study is to analyze the marketing strategies adopted by GlaxoSmithKline Plc; a London based pharmaceutical company (Chaffey et al., 2008). The study would also analyze the factors affecting the marketing strategies implemented by GlaxoSmithKline Plc. Since, the company is a UK based company it would also analyze its strategic position in UK as well as in other countries. An analysis of the marketing mix of the company would help in highlighting the key elements of the marketing strategies adopted by the company (Zhou et al., 2010). Introduction Medicines form an integral part of a human’s life because the discovery and invention of medicines have improved the health and quality of life of human beings. The consumption of drugs has increased rapidly. Every year, around 650 million prescriptions are written by the General practitioners alone in UK (Hou se of Commons, 2005). The National Health Service, UK sells medicines worth ?7 billion annually and 80 percent of which is spent on branded products. In UK, it is the most profitable sector after Tourism and Finance. USA has the largest pharmaceutical market and most of the research and development of leading pharmaceutical companies is done in USA itself. UK accounts for 10 percent of the global research and development expenditure. The medical products manufactured by the companies have not only improved the health of the people but has also reduced the need of surgical operations to a large extent (House of Commons, 2005). One of the leading pharmaceutical companies in the world is GlaxoSmithKline Plc, a company which produces effective medicinal drugs for various diseases. It also has a separate healthcare division which produces popular oral healthcare and nutritional products like Sensodyne, Horlicks, Lucozade, Boost, and Gaviscon. The company sells prescription medicines and over the counter medicines. Most of the company’s revenue is generated from the healthcare product divisions which include toothpaste and energy drinks. The company’s top selling prescription medicine includes Avandia and Paxil which are anti depressant pills (GlaxoSmithKline Plc, 2013a). The company believes in complying with the national health guidelines of UK and providing beneficial treatment to the medicine users. Currently, the pharmaceutical industry is facing a number of challenges like slow economic recovery, high cost of development of drugs and stricter health regulations imposed by government etc. Pfizer, a leading pharmaceutical company of the world has announced plan to close down its research and development wing in UK to curb down operational costs (Gallagher, 2012). GlaxoSmithKline Plc had been witnessing a steady growth even amidst this economic slowdown. In the year 2012, the company spent ?4 billion dollars in the research and development of new me dicines, consumer products and new medicines (GlaxoSmithKline Plc, 2013b). Most of the company’s revenue comes from the USA because the sale of prescription drugs is a subject to price control policies of the respective country. The USA is the only industrialized nation where there is no price control

An Analysis of the Common Theme of Physical Violence in A Short Essay

An Analysis of the Common Theme of Physical Violence in A Short Account of the Destruction of the Indies and Titus Andronicus - Essay Example "A Short Account of the Destruction of the Indies" depicts colonization and Europeanization of the American Indians by Spaniards. Euroamerican settlement of the West accelerated, the government abandoned gradualism in favor of comprehensive programs for assimilation. The savage, noble or ignoble, was judged capable of civilization. Those who embraced it would be welcomed into mainstream society. Those who balked would nevertheless be compelled to behave. In a short time, no more than a generation, the old ways would die out. The savage would disappear with the passing of the frontier. Instead of a geographical expression, the West became, in the imaginations of Americans stranded in the cities and towns, a wild region inhabited by even wilder humans, some white and brown, but most red. Casas depicts: "Guacanagari himself died up in the mountains, broken and destitute, after he had fled to escape the massacres and the cruelty inflicted by the Spaniards, and all the other local leaders who owed allegiance to Guacanagar perished " (20). The kind of historical criticism which has laid itself most open to attack has based its conclusions on limited data and unwarranted assumptions; thus it has been essentially unhistorical. Shakespeare He shapes the character of Aaron as an independent force of evil, rather than as a mere agent of the queen. He introduces the parallel with Ovid's tale of Philomela, and he adds the final triumph of justice and order with the return of Lucius to Rome, in spite of the inconsistency which this involves, for there is no reason for a Goth army to serve Lucius against their own queen. Shakespeare also makes of Marcus a virtual chorus to comment upon the action as the play unfolds. His most important innovation is in his conception of the principal characters and their relations to one another. Titus Andronicus is a commanding figure. He is a great and initially virtuous man, the first of Shakespeare's heroic figures whose very virtues are the source of their sins. In many ways he is a forerunner of Coriolanus. Titus embodies all the ancient Roman virtues: 'A nobler man, a braver warrior, / Lives not this day within the city walls' (I.i.25-26). He has given his life and his so ns unselfishly in the cause of his country. He might now be emperor, but he respects hereditary right and chooses Satuminus instead. He is stern and he is proud, the master of his family, the last of the ancient Romans. In contrast to heroes themes presented by Shakespeare, A Short Account of the Destruction of the Indies creates a negative image of the Spanish colonizers and cruelties committed by them against peaceful population. In their thoughts about the West and its original populations, Spanish colonizers variously imagined an Indian to be a noble savage, a rapacious killer, a reservation idler, the vanishing American, or a war-bonneted equestrian raider of the plains. The last image proved to be the most persuasive and, given Indian portrayals in motion pictures and television

Human Resource Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Human Resource Development - Essay Example Because the soft learning of management training is not measured currently, Westway Land requires a different human resources model to determine management growth in training using a Critical Incidents Technique and alterations to how HR approaches the assessment of management learning. Because the movement from a junior-level position to a middle management position requires maintaining the specific skills and competencies necessary to fulfill a higher-influence role in business activities, Westway Land requires a template by which these competencies can be measured from identified trainee to trainee. The critical incidents technique describes a series of hypothetical management situations or other relevant encounters, asking for a specific solution from trainee members regarding how best to appropriately handle these situations. Based on the individual demands of the business, whether the middle management positions entail heavy customer interaction or simply the organisation of subordinate employee job roles, the critical incidents template can be constructed at a relatively low cost, with low staff investment in its design, to capture the essence of management job roles after training has occurred. Because the systems and processes already exist at the company which measure individual job performance and clearly outline the role responsibilities in management positions, the critical incidents techniques should be constructed with 10-15 unique circumstances, calling for an ultimate qualitative analysis of assessed manager responses. Lau and Neal (2009) offers that significant contributions to what drives employee satisfaction are job security, communication, autonomous working environments, and compensation. With this in mind, from a rather practical HR viewpoint, if the junior manager’s new role (upon training completion) will involve a heavy focus on staff interventions and project leadership roles, assessment criteria built into the new critical

Malcolm X Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Malcolm X - Essay Example His following into the wrong crowd is the aftermath of finding a job with the New York-Boston line, where he is forced to make the choice of joining a gang by virtue of being a black person and being of a different ethnic grouping from the rest of society, which is being black (Omi 10). The scene of Malcolm facing justice is peculiar to race issues in that other members of society from other races engaging in similar or worse activities were let off, as is the case of the Ku Klux Klan, who killed his father and no action was taken against them. This shows that certain members of a certain race can be held accountable for their own actions, while the rest based on their race can go scot free with no charge. Still on this scene, another concept comes up, where there are races that are higher than the rest in regard to who qualifies to join which corps in society and who does not, which brings forth the concept of segregation based on race. This is seen in the same scene in that there a re certain social problems that only affect certain races and not others, as Malcolm X is forced into the wrong crowd, where he joins a gang, not out of choice, but out of circumstances that he cannot help. With this in mind, race shows the scene shows the inequity amongst different races as it shows the gang problem as being unique to young black people living in the ghetto. The scene also raises the concept of moral responsibility found among different races, which is not common to all, as certain races tend to engage in certain conduct. This issue is intertwined with the earlier issue raised on unique problems affecting certain races in that joining gangs is made to appear as a thing only black youth would do and not the rest of the society. This is to mean that only black youth did drugs, as Malcolm X was an active participant in peddling coke for the local gang leader, according to the 1992 movie. The movie only depicts one other gang that is not of African American origin enga ging in gang and criminal activity, which is the Ku Klux Klan, and its depiction is that it is a white supremacist groups aimed at lowering the dignity of the local black people. The awareness of the moral issues is that racially, white supremacy groups are not morally wrong in trumping on the interest and rights of the black people, who they perceive as lesser beings compared to themselves (Omi 11). In race, the issue of double standards is brought again in this scene in that it shows the shifting goal posts of morality and rulings based on who is who in society, all based on the color of the skin and ethnicity. The same scene of the Ku Klux Klan draws the concept of race as a concept, where segregation thrives based on cultural differences, as well as the differences of skin color. This is as can be seen in the killing of Malcolm X’s father when Malcolm X was a child, which then brings to perspective how race makes people socially incompatible based on color and cultural va lues. The Ku Klux Klan could not handle the fact that there were black people and white people in the same society thus social supremacy comes in. In conclusion, the movie Malcolm X of 1992 on different levels draws out the concepts of race based on

Human Resource Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Human Resource Development - Essay Example Because the soft learning of management training is not measured currently, Westway Land requires a different human resources model to determine management growth in training using a Critical Incidents Technique and alterations to how HR approaches the assessment of management learning. Because the movement from a junior-level position to a middle management position requires maintaining the specific skills and competencies necessary to fulfill a higher-influence role in business activities, Westway Land requires a template by which these competencies can be measured from identified trainee to trainee. The critical incidents technique describes a series of hypothetical management situations or other relevant encounters, asking for a specific solution from trainee members regarding how best to appropriately handle these situations. Based on the individual demands of the business, whether the middle management positions entail heavy customer interaction or simply the organisation of subordinate employee job roles, the critical incidents template can be constructed at a relatively low cost, with low staff investment in its design, to capture the essence of management job roles after training has occurred. Because the systems and processes already exist at the company which measure individual job performance and clearly outline the role responsibilities in management positions, the critical incidents techniques should be constructed with 10-15 unique circumstances, calling for an ultimate qualitative analysis of assessed manager responses. Lau and Neal (2009) offers that significant contributions to what drives employee satisfaction are job security, communication, autonomous working environments, and compensation. With this in mind, from a rather practical HR viewpoint, if the junior manager’s new role (upon training completion) will involve a heavy focus on staff interventions and project leadership roles, assessment criteria built into the new critical